Powered Industrial Truck Safety Requirements
Maximum Capacity
Operators must be familiar with the lifting capacity of their PIT. It should be indicated on the PIT itself, and may be expressed as maximum lifting capacity based on load centers of 24", 36", or 48". The maximum capacity should never be exceeded. If a larger capacity lift is necessary, departments should make arrangements to have one available.
Seatbelts
Seatbelts are designed to keep the operator in a "safe zone" in the event of a tip-over. If the forklift came with a seatbelt installed, it must be used. If the forklift does not have a seatbelt installed, the manufacturer should be contacted for a retrofit kit.
Daily Inspection
PIT's should be inspected daily for general damage and defects which may affect the integrity or operation of the equipment. Report any defect to your supervisor and do not use the PIT until the proper repair has been completed. Repairs should be made by qualified technicians only. Inspect for:
- Damaged, loose, or missing parts;
- Adequate tire inflation;
- Check the fuel level or charge of the battery;
- Air, hydraulic, or fuel system leaks;
- Loose hoses or wires;
- Ensure the operating controls are working properly;
- Ensure all safety features, such as horns and lights are working properly;
- Inspect the fork "elbows" for weld cracks; and
- Check the battery fluid, hydraulic reservoir, and coolant levels, if applicable.
Operator's Manual
The operator's manual for the PIT should be available to operators at a central location or on the lift itself. Operators should take the time to review operating instructions and safety guidelines. Servicing and maintenance should be in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.
Traveling
In general, forklifts are not designed to travel at fast speeds. Walking pace or about five miles per hour is a good rule of thumb. The load should be kept as low to the ground as possible - about 6 inches off of the floor in areas with smooth, hard floors. More height is necessary when traveling in outdoor areas, such as construction sites, where the terrain is uneven. Operators should always look in the direction of travel and use "spotters" where visibility is poor due to the size of the load. Sound the horn at blind corners to warn on-coming traffic to proceed cautiously. Avoid potholes, bumps, and wet areas whenever possible, or proceed with extreme caution.
Fueling/Battery Charging
Fueling or battery charging of the lift should be conducted according to the manufacturer's recommendations. In general, no sparks or open flames in the area, and adequate ventilation must be available.